{"id":10464,"date":"2025-01-14T09:52:56","date_gmt":"2025-01-14T09:52:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/?p=10464"},"modified":"2025-03-20T12:53:07","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T12:53:07","slug":"bankruptcy-estate-basic-information","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/bankruptcy-estate-basic-information\/","title":{"rendered":"Bankruptcy estate - basic information"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> Bankruptcy proceedings are a special type of civil procedure that aims to<a href=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/who-is-who-in-restructuring-and-bankruptcy-proceedings-part-2\/\" title=\"\"> sorting out the debtor&#039;s financial situation<\/a>, who is unable to meet its obligations. In the Polish legal system, they are primarily regulated by the Act of 28 February 2003 \u2013 Bankruptcy Law, which introduces detailed rules for declaring bankruptcy, its course, and the procedure related to the liquidation of the bankrupt&#039;s assets. The central element of these proceedings is the concept of the &quot;bankruptcy estate&quot;. This term refers to all the debtor&#039;s assets that can be used to satisfy creditors. Understanding this concept is essential for both creditors and debtors, as well as for all persons involved in the bankruptcy process. In this article, we will discuss the definition of the bankruptcy estate, its composition, functions and significance in the context of bankruptcy proceedings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Contents<br><\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-aioseo-table-of-contents\"><ul><li><a href=\"#aioseo-kilka-slow-o-artykule-posluchaj\">A few words about the article - Listen<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#aioseo-definicja-masy-upadlosci\">Definition of bankruptcy estate<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#aioseo-skladniki-masy-upadlosci\">Components of the bankruptcy estate<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#aioseo-data-powstania-masy-upadlosci-i-zarzad-nad-nia\">Date of creation of the bankruptcy estate and its administration<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#aioseo-rola-masy-upadlosci-w-zaspokajaniu-wierzycieli\">The role of the bankruptcy estate in satisfying creditors<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#aioseo-podsumowanie\">Summary<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" id=\"aioseo-kilka-slow-o-artykule-posluchaj\">A few words about the article - Listen<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Masa-upadlosci-\u2013-podstawowe-informacje.mp3\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"aioseo-definicja-masy-upadlosci\">Definition of bankruptcy estate<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The bankruptcy estate is all assets of the debtor that are part of their assets at the time of the declaration of bankruptcy and assets acquired by the debtor during the bankruptcy proceedings, with exceptions specified in the regulations. After the declaration of bankruptcy, the bankrupt loses the right to manage the assets that are part of the bankruptcy estate and the legal standing to act in matters concerning the bankruptcy estate. This means that they cannot independently pursue their rights in court or be sued in matters related to their assets. In place of the bankrupt, the legal standing in these matters is taken over by<a href=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/who-is-who-in-restructuring-and-bankruptcy-proceedings-part-2\/\" title=\"\"> a trustee who acts on behalf of the bankruptcy estate.<\/a> The bankruptcy estate itself, although it includes the bankrupt&#039;s assets, has no legal personality or legal capacity - it cannot sue or be sued.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The term &quot;bankruptcy estate&quot; means the property that is subject to the division procedure in order to satisfy the bankrupt&#039;s creditors. The bankruptcy estate consists of things, rights and claims that constitute the debtor&#039;s property at the time of the declaration of bankruptcy, with the exception of property components excluded by law. The bankruptcy estate is otherwise a collection of assets that are part of the bankrupt&#039;s property and that are intended to satisfy the claims of creditors.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The bankruptcy estate is important because it is a source from which creditors can satisfy their claims. It is therefore an instrument that ensures the implementation of the principle of fair distribution among creditors, while maintaining the rules and order provided for by law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"aioseo-skladniki-masy-upadlosci\">Components of the bankruptcy estate<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The bankruptcy estate consists of various assets, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Real Estate<\/strong> \u2013 all real estate belonging to the debtor, including land, buildings, commercial premises, residential premises, building plots, as well as other rights related to real estate, such as perpetual usufruct.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Movable things<\/strong> \u2013 movable property such as cars, machinery, equipment, furniture, jewellery, works of art, computer equipment and other goods.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Property rights<\/strong> \u2013 including rights to remuneration for work, copyrights, intellectual property rights, shares and stocks in other business entities, receivables from contracts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cash<\/strong> \u2013 including cash and funds in bank accounts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Claims<\/strong> \u2013 all claims of the debtor against third parties, e.g. under contracts, loans, compensation or receivables for unperformed or improperly performed services.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Other assets<\/strong> \u2013 these may be, for example, lease rights,<a href=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/trust-agreement-trust-acquisition-of-shares-in-a-limited-liability-company\/\" title=\"\"> trust agreements,<\/a> licenses, contracts that can be sold or transferred in bankruptcy proceedings.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">From the perspective of bankruptcy law, the bankruptcy estate does not include everything that the bankrupt possesses. Certain assets are excluded from the bankruptcy estate, e.g. things that serve to satisfy the life needs of the debtor and his family (e.g. necessary everyday items), as well as assets that have been encumbered with the rights of third parties in a way that excludes their acquisition by the trustee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/bankruptcy-estate-methods-of-liquidation-of-assets-in-bankruptcy-proceedings\/\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"827\" height=\"354\" src=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Posty-na-strone-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12209\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Posty-na-strone-2.png 827w, https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Posty-na-strone-2-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Posty-na-strone-2-768x329.png 768w, https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/Posty-na-strone-2-18x8.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 827px) 100vw, 827px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"aioseo-data-powstania-masy-upadlosci-i-zarzad-nad-nia\">Date of creation of the bankruptcy estate and its administration<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The bankruptcy estate is created when the court declares bankruptcy. On the day of the declaration of bankruptcy, liquidation proceedings begin, in which all assets of the bankruptcy estate come under the control of the trustee - a person appointed by the court to manage the bankrupt&#039;s assets. First, the trustee prepares a list of assets that have been included in the bankruptcy estate. This task involves identifying what goods, rights and receivables the bankrupt is entitled to. The trustee is responsible for:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>securing and taking over property included in the bankruptcy estate;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>examining the legal situation of individual assets of the estate, including carrying out activities related to securing receivables and checking whether there are no circumstances that could undermine the rights to individual assets (e.g. transfer of ownership before the declaration of bankruptcy in order to harm creditors);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>conducting the sale of components of the bankruptcy estate in order to satisfy creditors\u2019 claims;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>organization and distribution of collected funds among creditors in accordance with their rank and legal provisions;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the proper conduct of the entire bankruptcy proceedings, including submitting appropriate reports to the court and informing creditors about the status of the proceedings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The trustee also has a duty to look after the interests of creditors so that their claims can be satisfied to the greatest extent possible. An important aspect of his work is also the recovery of any claims from third parties that may be part of the bankruptcy estate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/when-to-restructure-and-when-to-file-for-bankruptcy\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"421\" src=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/New-1024x421.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-10469\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/New-1024x421.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/New-300x123.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/New-768x316.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/New-18x7.jpg 18w, https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/New.jpg 1337w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"aioseo-rola-masy-upadlosci-w-zaspokajaniu-wierzycieli\">The role of the bankruptcy estate in satisfying creditors<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The bankruptcy estate plays a key role in ensuring fair satisfaction of creditors&#039; claims. It enables the achievement of the fundamental goal of bankruptcy proceedings, which is to recover the greatest possible value from the bankrupt&#039;s assets and divide this value between creditors. Good management of the bankruptcy estate allows for increased efficiency of the bankruptcy process, minimizing the risk of losses and ensuring that none of the parties to the proceedings are harmed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition, the bankruptcy estate also serves a protective function, both for the debtor and their creditors. For the debtor, this means security against further claims and enforcement, and for creditors - certainty that the process of dividing assets is taking place in accordance with the law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Basically, there are several groups of creditors in bankruptcy proceedings:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Secured creditors <\/strong>\u2013 have the right to satisfy their claims from the subject of the security, e.g. by exercising rights arising from a mortgage or pledge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Preferential creditors<\/strong> \u2013 have the right to have their claims satisfied first (e.g. employees who have outstanding wages, persons entitled to receive alimony for the period before the declaration of bankruptcy).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ordinary creditors<\/strong> \u2013 their claims are satisfied in the next order, after satisfying the privileged creditors. These include suppliers, banks, and individuals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/what-consumer-bankruptcy-does-not-cover\/\" title=\"\">Creditors whose receivables are not subject to write-off<\/a> <\/strong>\u2013 their claims are not extinguished in bankruptcy proceedings despite, for example, the execution of a creditor repayment plan (e.g. persons entitled to compensation from the bankrupt for damage caused). These persons, despite the extinguishment of the debtor&#039;s remaining liabilities in bankruptcy proceedings, may still demand repayment of the remaining unsatisfied part of their receivables.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The satisfaction of creditors in so-called business bankruptcy is based on the so-called division plan. We distinguish two types of division plans, namely the plan for the division of the amount obtained from the sale of the encumbered item (separate division plans) and the plan for the division of the bankruptcy estate funds. In the case of bankruptcy proceedings of individuals who do not conduct business activity, i.e. consumers - the satisfaction of creditors differs slightly depending on the mode in which such proceedings are conducted. In the case of proceedings conducted in the commissioner mode, the situation is analogous to the case of business proceedings, while in the case of simplified proceedings - we are dealing with a creditor repayment plan, which somehow combines several functions - including a list of receivables, separate division plans and a plan for the division of the bankruptcy estate funds.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"aioseo-podsumowanie\">Summary<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The bankruptcy estate in <a href=\"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/consumer-bankruptcy\/\" title=\"\">bankruptcy proceedings<\/a> is a key element that allows the implementation of the purpose of the proceedings, which is to satisfy the bankrupt&#039;s creditors in a manner that is as fair and proportional to their claims as possible. It is the bankruptcy estate that the entire structure of bankruptcy proceedings is based on, including both the management of assets and the division of funds between creditors. For the debtor, this means the need to come to terms with the loss of assets, and for creditors, this is the only chance to recover at least part of their claims. This article was an introduction to further studies related to the bankruptcy estate and its liquidation. In the following articles, I will present to you, among other things, methods of liquidating the components of the bankruptcy estate, the effects of acquiring property included in the bankruptcy estate, and exclusion from the bankruptcy estate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Post\u0119powanie upad\u0142o\u015bciowe jest szczeg\u00f3lnym rodzajem post\u0119powania cywilnego, kt\u00f3re ma na celu uporz\u0105dkowanie sytuacji finansowej d\u0142u\u017cnika, kt\u00f3ry nie jest w stanie sprosta\u0107 swoim zobowi\u0105zaniom. W polskim systemie prawnym reguluje je przede wszystkim ustawa z dnia 28 lutego 2003 roku \u2013 Prawo upad\u0142o\u015bciowe, kt\u00f3ra wprowadza szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe zasady og\u0142aszania upad\u0142o\u015bci, jej przebiegu, a tak\u017ce procedury zwi\u0105zanej z likwidacj\u0105 maj\u0105tku upad\u0142ego. Centralnym elementem tego post\u0119powania jest poj\u0119cie \u201emasy upad\u0142o\u015bci\u201d. Termin ten odnosi si\u0119 do og\u00f3\u0142u sk\u0142adnik\u00f3w maj\u0105tkowych d\u0142u\u017cnika, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 zosta\u0107 wykorzystane do zaspokojenia wierzycieli. Zrozumienie tego poj\u0119cia jest niezb\u0119dne zar\u00f3wno dla wierzycieli, jak i d\u0142u\u017cnik\u00f3w, a tak\u017ce dla wszystkich os\u00f3b zaanga\u017cowanych w proces upad\u0142o\u015bciowy. W artykule om\u00f3wimy definicj\u0119 masy upad\u0142o\u015bci, jej sk\u0142ad, funkcje oraz znaczenie w kontek\u015bcie post\u0119powania upad\u0142o\u015bciowego. Spis tre\u015bci Kilka s\u0142\u00f3w o artykule- Pos\u0142uchaj Definicja masy upad\u0142o\u015bci Masa upad\u0142o\u015bci to wszelkie sk\u0142adniki maj\u0105tkowe d\u0142u\u017cnika, kt\u00f3re wchodz\u0105 w sk\u0142ad jego maj\u0105tku na moment og\u0142oszenia upad\u0142o\u015bci oraz maj\u0105tek nabyty przez d\u0142u\u017cnika w toku post\u0119powania upad\u0142o\u015bciowego, z wyj\u0105tkami okre\u015blonymi w przepisach. Po og\u0142oszeniu upad\u0142o\u015bci, upad\u0142y traci prawo zarz\u0105dzania maj\u0105tkiem wchodz\u0105cym w sk\u0142ad masy upad\u0142o\u015bci oraz legitymacj\u0119 procesow\u0105 do wyst\u0119powania w sprawach dotycz\u0105cych masy upad\u0142o\u015bciowej. Oznacza to, \u017ce nie mo\u017ce on samodzielnie dochodzi\u0107 swoich praw w s\u0105dzie ani by\u0107 pozwany w sprawach zwi\u0105zanych z jego maj\u0105tkiem. W miejsce upad\u0142ego legitymacj\u0119 procesow\u0105 w tych sprawach przejmuje syndyk, kt\u00f3ry dzia\u0142a w imieniu masy upad\u0142o\u015bci. Sama masa upad\u0142o\u015bci, mimo \u017ce obejmuje maj\u0105tek upad\u0142ego, nie posiada osobowo\u015bci prawnej ani zdolno\u015bci prawnej \u2013 nie mo\u017ce pozywa\u0107 ani by\u0107 pozywan\u0105. Przez \u201emas\u0119 upad\u0142o\u015bci\u201d rozumie si\u0119 maj\u0105tek, kt\u00f3ry podlega procedurze podzia\u0142u w celu zaspokojenia wierzycieli upad\u0142ego. Masa upad\u0142o\u015bci sk\u0142ada si\u0119 z rzeczy, praw i roszcze\u0144, kt\u00f3re stanowi\u0105 maj\u0105tek d\u0142u\u017cnika w momencie og\u0142oszenia upad\u0142o\u015bci, z wyj\u0105tkiem sk\u0142adnik\u00f3w maj\u0105tkowych wy\u0142\u0105czonych przez prawo. Masa upad\u0142o\u015bci to inaczej zbi\u00f3r aktyw\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re wchodz\u0105 w sk\u0142ad maj\u0105tku upad\u0142ego i kt\u00f3re s\u0105 przeznaczone do zaspokojenia roszcze\u0144 wierzycieli.&nbsp; Masa upad\u0142o\u015bci jest istotna, poniewa\u017c stanowi \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o, z kt\u00f3rego wierzyciele mog\u0105 zaspokoi\u0107 swoje roszczenia. Jest to wi\u0119c instrument zapewniaj\u0105cy realizacj\u0119 zasady sprawiedliwego podzia\u0142u mi\u0119dzy wierzycielami, przy jednoczesnym zachowaniu regu\u0142 i porz\u0105dku przewidzianych przez prawo. Sk\u0142adniki masy upad\u0142o\u015bci W sk\u0142ad masy upad\u0142o\u015bci wchodz\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cnorodne sk\u0142adniki maj\u0105tkowe, w tym: Z punktu widzenia prawa upad\u0142o\u015bciowego, masa upad\u0142o\u015bci nie obejmuje jednak wszystkiego, co posiada upad\u0142y. Pewne sk\u0142adniki maj\u0105tku s\u0105 wy\u0142\u0105czone z masy upad\u0142o\u015bci, np. rzeczy, kt\u00f3re s\u0142u\u017c\u0105 do zaspokojenia potrzeb \u017cyciowych d\u0142u\u017cnika i jego rodziny (np. niezb\u0119dne przedmioty codziennego u\u017cytku), a tak\u017ce sk\u0142adniki maj\u0105tku, kt\u00f3re zosta\u0142y obci\u0105\u017cone prawami os\u00f3b trzecich w spos\u00f3b wy\u0142\u0105czaj\u0105cy ich przej\u0119cie przez syndyka. Data powstania masy upad\u0142o\u015bci i zarz\u0105d nad ni\u0105 Masa upad\u0142o\u015bci powstaje w momencie og\u0142oszenia upad\u0142o\u015bci przez s\u0105d. Z dniem og\u0142oszenia upad\u0142o\u015bci rozpoczyna si\u0119 post\u0119powanie likwidacyjne, w ramach kt\u00f3rego wszystkie sk\u0142adniki masy upad\u0142o\u015bci przechodz\u0105 pod kontrol\u0119 syndyka \u2013 osoby powo\u0142anej przez s\u0105d do zarz\u0105dzania maj\u0105tkiem upad\u0142ego. W pierwszej kolejno\u015bci syndyk sporz\u0105dza wykaz sk\u0142adnik\u00f3w maj\u0105tkowych, kt\u00f3re wesz\u0142y do masy upad\u0142o\u015bci. To zadanie polega na zidentyfikowaniu, jakie dobra, prawa i wierzytelno\u015bci przys\u0142uguj\u0105 upad\u0142emu. Syndyk odpowiada za: Syndyk ma r\u00f3wnie\u017c obowi\u0105zek dba\u0107 o interesy wierzycieli, tak by ich roszczenia mog\u0142y zosta\u0107 zaspokojone w jak najwy\u017cszym stopniu. Wa\u017cnym aspektem jego pracy jest tak\u017ce odzyskanie ewentualnych roszcze\u0144 od os\u00f3b trzecich, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 by\u0107 cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 masy upad\u0142o\u015bci. Rola masy upad\u0142o\u015bci w zaspokajaniu wierzycieli Masa upad\u0142o\u015bci pe\u0142ni kluczow\u0105 rol\u0119 w zapewnieniu sprawiedliwego zaspokojenia roszcze\u0144 wierzycieli. Dzi\u0119ki niej mo\u017cliwe jest zrealizowanie zasadniczego celu post\u0119powania upad\u0142o\u015bciowego, jakim jest odzyskanie jak najwi\u0119kszej warto\u015bci z maj\u0105tku upad\u0142ego i podzia\u0142 tej warto\u015bci pomi\u0119dzy wierzycieli. Dobre zarz\u0105dzanie mas\u0105 upad\u0142o\u015bci pozwala na zwi\u0119kszenie efektywno\u015bci procesu upad\u0142o\u015bciowego, zminimalizowanie ryzyka strat oraz zapewnienie, \u017ce \u017cadna z stron post\u0119powania nie zostanie pokrzywdzona. Ponadto, masa upad\u0142o\u015bci pe\u0142ni r\u00f3wnie\u017c funkcj\u0119 ochronn\u0105, zar\u00f3wno dla samego d\u0142u\u017cnika, jak i jego wierzycieli. Dla d\u0142u\u017cnika oznacza to zabezpieczenie przed dalszymi roszczeniami i egzekucjami, a dla wierzycieli \u2013 pewno\u015b\u0107, \u017ce proces podzia\u0142u maj\u0105tku odbywa si\u0119 zgodnie z prawem. Zasadniczo, w post\u0119powaniu upad\u0142o\u015bciowym wyr\u00f3\u017cnia si\u0119 kilka grup wierzycieli: Zaspokojenie wierzycieli w tzw. upad\u0142o\u015bci gospodarczej odbywa si\u0119 na podstawie tzw. planu podzia\u0142u. Rozr\u00f3\u017cniamy zasadniczo dwa typy plan\u00f3w podzia\u0142u, mianowicie plan podzia\u0142u sumy uzyskanej ze sprzeda\u017cy rzeczy obci\u0105\u017conej (odr\u0119bne plany podzia\u0142u), jak i plan podzia\u0142u fundusz\u00f3w masy upad\u0142o\u015bci. W przypadku post\u0119powa\u0144 upad\u0142o\u015bciowych os\u00f3b fizycznych nieprowadz\u0105cych dzia\u0142alno\u015bci gospodarczej, czyli konsument\u00f3w \u2013 zaspokojenie wierzycieli r\u00f3\u017cni si\u0119 nieco w zale\u017cno\u015bci od trybu w jakim takie post\u0119powanie jest prowadzone. W przypadku post\u0119powa\u0144 prowadzonych w trybie komisarycznym sytuacja przedstawia si\u0119 analogicznie jak w przypadku post\u0119powa\u0144 gospodarczych, natomiast w przypadku post\u0119powa\u0144 uproszczonych&nbsp; &#8211; mamy do czynienia z planem sp\u0142aty wierzycieli, kt\u00f3ry niejako \u0142\u0105czy w sobie kilka funkcji \u2013 m.in. listy wierzytelno\u015bci, odr\u0119bnych plan\u00f3w podzia\u0142u i planu podzia\u0142u fundusz\u00f3w masy upad\u0142o\u015bci.&nbsp;&nbsp; Podsumowanie Masa upad\u0142o\u015bci w post\u0119powaniu upad\u0142o\u015bciowym jest kluczowym elementem, kt\u00f3ry pozwala na realizacj\u0119 celu post\u0119powania, jakim jest zaspokojenie wierzycieli upad\u0142ego w spos\u00f3b mo\u017cliwie sprawiedliwy i proporcjonalny do ich roszcze\u0144. To w\u0142a\u015bnie na masie upad\u0142o\u015bci opiera si\u0119 ca\u0142a struktura post\u0119powania upad\u0142o\u015bciowego, obejmuj\u0105ca zar\u00f3wno zarz\u0105d maj\u0105tkiem, jak i podzia\u0142 \u015brodk\u00f3w pomi\u0119dzy wierzycieli. Dla d\u0142u\u017cnika oznacza to konieczno\u015b\u0107 pogodzenia si\u0119 z utrata maj\u0105tku, a dla wierzycieli jest to jedyna szansa na odzyskanie przynajmniej cz\u0119\u015bci swoich roszcze\u0144. Niniejszy artyku\u0142 stanowi\u0142 wprowadzenia do dalszych opracowa\u0144 zwi\u0105zanych z mas\u0105 upad\u0142o\u015bci i jej likwidacj\u0105. W kolejnych artyku\u0142ach zaprezentuj\u0119 Pa\u0144stwu m.in. sposoby likwidacji sk\u0142adnik\u00f3w masy upad\u0142o\u015bci, skutki nabycia mienia wchodz\u0105cego w sk\u0142ad masy upad\u0142o\u015bci, wy\u0142\u0105czenia z masy upad\u0142o\u015bci.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[35],"class_list":["post-10464","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"authors":[{"term_id":35,"user_id":16,"is_guest":0,"slug":"m-zabinskapmr-restructuring-pl","display_name":"Magdalena \u017babi\u0144ska","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/user07-1.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/user07-1.jpg"},"0":null,"1":"","2":"","3":"","4":"","5":"","6":"","7":"","8":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10464","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10464"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10464\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10464"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10464"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10464"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pmrsa.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=10464"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}